siddhis

Siddhis are powers or attainments described in Indian spiritual traditions as potentially arising from advanced meditation, ethical discipline, and mastery of the body and mind. The term comes from Sanskrit and generally translates to “accomplishments” or “perfections.” In yoga philosophy, siddhis are seen as byproducts of deep practice rather than goals in themselves.

The most commonly cited set is the ashta-siddhi, or eightfold siddhis. These include anima (the ability to become very small), mahima (greatness or vastness), lagima (lightness), garima (heaviness), prapti (attainment of desired objects or experiences at will), prakamya (the ability to fulfill any desire or command), ishita (control over natural forces), and vasita (influence or control over others). Different traditions and texts sometimes list additional powers or rearrange the wording, reflecting variations in interpretation. Some lists emphasize more metaphorical or symbolic meanings rather than literal supernatural feats.

In classical yoga literature, siddhis are described as potential results of sustained practice, often associated with samadhi, but they are not regarded as ends in themselves. Several passages warn that chasing powers can become a distraction from liberation (kaivalya) and ethical conduct. The emphasis is typically on discernment, restraint, and the cultivation of wisdom, with siddhis acknowledged as possible, contingent byproducts rather than guaranteed outcomes.

Beyond yoga, references to siddhis appear across various Hindu and Buddhist sources, where powers are sometimes framed as tools that require ethical use and spiritual maturity. See also Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and related correspondences in yoga and meditation literature.