semaglutida

Semaglutide, sometimes written as semaglutida in some languages, is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. It mimics the incretin hormone GLP-1, increasing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, slowing gastric emptying, and reducing appetite. These actions help lower blood glucose and promote weight loss.

Semaglutide is available in two main forms: a subcutaneous injection given once weekly (brands include Ozempic for diabetes and Wegovy for obesity) and an oral tablet taken once daily (brand name Rybelsus). Dosing is typically titrated to achieve therapeutic goals, with the injectable forms designed for weekly administration and the oral form taken on an empty stomach with water.

In type 2 diabetes, semaglutide improves glycemic control and can reduce cardiovascular risk in some patients. In overweight or obese adults, it produces clinically meaningful weight loss and favorable metabolic changes, as demonstrated in randomized trials. The medication may be used as part of a broader lifestyle and treatment plan.

Common adverse effects are gastrointestinal, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, especially after starting therapy or increasing the dose. Serious but rarer risks include pancreatitis and cholelithiasis. In animals, semaglutide has been associated with thyroid C‑cell tumors; while this has not been clearly observed in humans, there is a precaution to avoid use in individuals with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN2. It can cause hypoglycemia when used with insulin or insulin secretagogues and is generally avoided during pregnancy.