santun

Santun is a descriptor in Indonesian and Malay meaning polite, courteous, and respectful, especially in behavior and speech. A santun person behaves with consideration for others, avoids rudeness, and observes social norms. The term is often used in phrases such as sikap santun (courteous attitude) or berakhlak santun (morally considerate).

Etymology and usage: The word is common in Indonesia and Malaysia, reflecting cultural expectations of civility. Its precise linguistic origin is not widely documented, but it is connected to broader concepts of etiquette and virtue. Santun is used across social contexts—from family life to schools, workplaces, and public discourse.

Cultural significance: In many communities, santun is part of budi bahasa and etika berinteraksi. It connotes not only polite words but also respectful actions, restraint, and sensitivity to others’ feelings. Teaching of santun is emphasized in education and in expectations of interpersonal conduct, especially toward elders, teachers, and authority figures.

Relation to related terms: Santun is closely linked to sopan, sopan santun, and berakhlak. While both sopan and santun refer to politeness, santun often carries a moral dimension and social responsibility beyond mere etiquette.

Examples: Dia selalu bersikap santun kepada orang tua. Sekolah mengutamakan perilaku santun sebagai bagian dari kurikulum karakter. Memperhatikan santun tutur kata adalah bagian dari komunikasi yang efektif.