sagbruk

Sagbruk, or sawmilling, is the industry and process of turning harvested trees into lumber and other wood products. It forms a central link between forestry and construction, providing the engineered materials used in buildings, furniture, pallets, and many other applications. The term is used in several Nordic languages and broadly covers both traditional and modern milling operations.

Operations typically begin with log procurement and transport to a mill, where logs are debarked and cut (bucked) to standard lengths. Primary sawing reduces logs into rough boards or planks, while secondary operations trim, edge, and grade the pieces. The lumber is then dried in air or in a kiln to the target moisture content, planed for a smooth surface, and sorted by size and grade for market. Equipment ranges from circular saws and bandsaws to conveyors, scanners, and automated handling systems that optimize yield.

Technology has transformed sagbruk through automation, computer-controlled optimization, and grading systems that specify dimensions and quality on a per-piece basis. Sawmills may specialize in softwood or hardwood, and in products such as dimension lumber, panels, or structural timbers. By-products—bark, sawdust, chips, and shavings—are commonly used for pulps, particleboard, pellet fuel, or energy generation, improving overall efficiency.

Sustainability and regulation are central to the industry. Certification schemes (such as FSC and PEFC) promote responsible sourcing, while environmental practices address energy use, emissions, effluent management, and waste utilization. The economic significance includes rural employment, value creation along the timber supply chain, and contributions to exports and construction markets.