pallets

Pallets are flat transport platforms used to support, store, and move goods in loading, unloading, and warehousing operations. They are designed to be lifted by handling equipment such as forklifts or pallet jacks and to be stacked for efficient space use. Pallets come in various materials and configurations, with wooden pallets accounting for the majority of global use, while plastic, metal, and composite pallets serve specialized needs.

Two common constructions are stringer pallets and block pallets. Stringer pallets have upright stringers supporting top and bottom deck boards, while block pallets use discrete blocks at corners and along the center, creating openings on all four sides for forklift or pallet jack entry. Block pallets are typically more durable and better suited to automated systems, whereas stringer pallets are lighter and cheaper.

Materials and sizes vary. Wood pallets are usually made from softwood and may be heat-treated to meet international shipping rules. Plastic pallets are molded from high-density polyethylene or other plastics and are often more moisture-resistant and durable. Common sizes include European EPAL pallets at 800 by 1200 millimeters and North American pallets at 40 by 48 inches; many other sizes exist. International shipments may require ISPM 15 compliant heat treatment and marking.

Standards and safety follow industry guidelines for dimensions, load ratings, labeling, and treatment. Pallets used in trade may bear markings indicating compliance with these standards. Pallet lifecycles include inspection, repair, and recycling; damaged pallets are repaired or retired, and wood pallets can be recycled or repurposed, while plastics are often recycled into new products.