renders

Renders refer to the images produced by rendering processes in computer graphics, or to exterior wall coatings applied in construction. In computer graphics, a render is the raster image generated from a 3D scene by simulating light transport. Render outputs can be still images or animation frames and are used in films, video games, product visualization, architecture, and virtual reality. The term also encompasses the act of producing such images.

Rendering works through a pipeline that typically includes modeling, applying materials and textures, lighting, and setting a camera. The rendering step converts the 3D scene into a 2D image. Real-time rendering prioritizes interactive frame rates and is common in video games, while offline rendering emphasizes maximum image quality and may employ ray tracing or path tracing. Common techniques include rasterization, ray tracing, and path tracing, each with tradeoffs between speed and realism. Large projects may rely on render farms—clusters of computers used to process many frames for visual effects and animation. Image quality is influenced by factors such as resolution, anti-aliasing, sampling, lighting, motion blur, and denoising.

In construction, render refers to an exterior coating applied to masonry walls for weather protection and aesthetics. Rendering materials include cement-based, lime-based, and acrylic renders, which may be textured or pigmented. The render layer is typically applied in multiple coats and requires curing and maintenance to preserve appearance and performance.

Renders, across contexts, describe both the visual outputs of digital imaging processes and a practical wall-finishing technique, reflecting the broad use of the term in technology and construction.