protokollene

Protokollene is the plural form of protokoll in Norwegian and can refer to different things depending on the context. The most common meanings are minutes from meetings and sets of formal rules or procedures, often called protocols in English.

As minutes, a protokoll is a written record of what occurred during a meeting. It typically includes date, time, place, attendees, the agenda items, decisions taken, actions assigned, and deadlines. Protokollene serve as an official record, support accountability, and provide a basis for follow-up and future reference. They are usually prepared by a secretary or administrative staff, circulated to participants, and approved at a subsequent meeting.

As protocols, protokoller are formal specifications of procedures and rules that enable communication, treatment, or interaction. In computing and networking, a protocol defines how data is formatted, transmitted, sequenced, and error-handled, as well as how devices negotiate communication. Examples include HTTP, TCP/IP, and DNS. In medicine or science, clinical trial or research protocols outline study objectives, design, methods, safety measures, and endpoints. In diplomacy or etiquette, protocol refers to the accepted procedures governing formal events and interactions. Standards for protocols are often published by organizations such as ISO, IEEE, or the IETF to ensure interoperability and consistency.

The term is used in Norwegian with the same form for both senses; the definite plural protokollene typically refers to specific minutes from meetings or a defined set of protocols in a given domain. The word reflects a common European linguistic lineage through Latin and French into Norwegian.