protezy

Protezy are artificial devices designed to replace missing body parts and restore function and appearance. The term is used in Polish to refer to various prosthetic devices, most commonly dental prostheses (protezy zębowe) and limb prostheses (protezy kończyn). They can be removable or fixed, depending on purpose and design.

Dental protezy: Dentures are used when teeth are missing. Full dentures rest on the gums and cover the jaw ridge; partial dentures attach to remaining teeth using clasps or precision attachments. Materials include acrylic resin for the base, artificial teeth, and sometimes metal or flexible bases. Fabrication involves impressions, bite registration, tooth setup, and fitting; the final prosthesis is adjusted for comfort and function. Care includes regular cleaning, overnight soaking, and removal during sleep. Lifespan 5–10 years; may require relining or replacement due to gum changes or wear. Common problems include sore spots, decreased bite efficiency, bone loss, or changes in fit.

Limb and other prostheses: Prostheses for limbs replace a missing segment or limb. They typically consist of a socket, a pylon/framework, and a functional hand or foot or cosmetic cover. Control can be body-powered, myoelectric, or passive. Materials include lightweight polymers, carbon fiber, and metals. Fitting requires measurements, casting, and alignment; rehabilitation and training are important. Care involves skin inspection, cleaning, and maintenance of mechanical or electronic components; batteries for powered devices must be charged. Risks include skin damage at the stump, poor fit, and phantom limb phenomena. Modern prostheses aim to enable mobility and daily activities, improve appearance, and enhance quality of life.

Availability and care: Successful outcomes rely on regular follow-up with prosthetists, dentists, and rehabilitation therapists; affordability and access vary by country and health system.