proteinuriához

Proteinuria, commonly referred to as protein in the urine, is a medical condition characterized by the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine. Normally, the kidneys filter waste products from the blood while retaining essential proteins like albumin. When the kidney filtration barrier is damaged—often due to underlying health issues—these proteins can leak into the urine, leading to proteinuria.

The condition can be classified based on severity and cause. Mild proteinuria may occur temporarily due to factors such as intense physical exercise, fever, or dehydration, and is generally not a cause for concern. However, persistent or excessive proteinuria (often defined as over 300 mg of protein per day) may indicate an underlying kidney disorder, such as diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, or hypertensive nephrosclerosis. It can also be associated with systemic diseases like lupus or multiple myeloma.

Diagnosis typically involves a urine test, such as a dipstick test or a 24-hour urine collection to measure protein excretion. Additional blood tests, imaging, or kidney biopsies may be performed to determine the root cause. Treatment depends on the underlying condition but may include managing blood pressure, controlling diabetes, or administering medications to reduce protein leakage or slow kidney damage.

If left untreated, chronic proteinuria can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to reduced kidney function and other complications. Early detection and intervention are crucial for preserving kidney health and preventing further deterioration. Regular monitoring and lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated, can also play a supportive role in managing the condition.