preovulatoire

Preovulatório refers to the phase of the female menstrual cycle that occurs before ovulation. It is part of the late follicular phase, during which a dominant ovarian follicle matures and estrogen levels rise. In a typical 28-day cycle, this phase lasts roughly 4 to 5 days, but its length varies among individuals and cycles.

The hormonal dynamics of the preovulatório phase are driven mainly by the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and rising estrogen produced by the growing follicle. As the leading follicle matures, estradiol levels increase, producing positive feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. This leads to a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), which triggers ovulation approximately 24 to 36 hours after the LH rise. Progesterone remains relatively low during most of this phase.

Physiological signs associated with the preovulatório period include changes in cervical mucus. Fertile mucus becomes clearer, thinner, and more stretchy, aiding sperm passage. Some individuals may experience mild mid-cycle discomfort. Basal body temperature generally remains stable during this phase and rises after ovulation begins.

Clinical and practical relevance: the preovulatório phase marks the highest fertility window in a typical cycle and is central to fertility awareness methods and timing of intercourse for conception. It is also a focus in assisted reproduction when monitoring follicular development and estrogen production to optimize timing of interventions.

Variability and factors: timing and duration of the preovulatório phase can vary widely based on cycle length, age, health, medications, and hormonal conditions.