premenopause

Premenopause refers to the phase of life before the menopausal transition begins. In clinical usage it describes the period in which a person still has regular ovulatory cycles and fertility. The term is often used interchangeably with the broader concept of the reproductive years, but it is distinct from the perimenopause, the transitional period leading to menopause, and from menopause and postmenopause.

During premenopause, ovarian function and hormone production are typically consistent, with regular menstrual cycles. Most people do not experience menopausal symptoms in this phase. Fertility remains, though age-related decline can begin, and individual variation is common. Lifestyle factors such as body weight, smoking, and overall health can influence cycle regularity and general well-being.

Diagnosis of premenopause is not a medical condition requiring testing; rather, it is a life-stage description. When a person experiences changes in menstrual cycles or related symptoms, clinicians distinguish this from perimenopause, the onset of the menopausal transition. If irregularities or new symptoms arise, evaluation may be appropriate to exclude other conditions.

Management focuses on general health and reproductive planning. Preventive care, healthy lifestyle, and counseling about contraception for those who do not wish to become pregnant are typical components. Guidance is individualized and may address sleep, mood, and energy as needed, with referral to specialists if symptoms suggest a broader health issue.