ponerine

Ponerine is a tribe of ants belonging to the subfamily Ponerinae. This group is characterized by several primitive traits, making them a subject of interest for evolutionary studies within the Formicidae family. Ponerine ants are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with a significant diversity in the Neotropics and Australasia.

The morphology of ponerine ants often includes a single-segmented petiole, a distinctly segmented mesosoma, and a well-developed sting. Their antennae are usually geniculate, meaning they have a distinct bend. Many species are relatively large compared to other ant groups. Social organization within the ponerines can vary, with some exhibiting highly eusocial colonies and others having more solitary or facultative social structures. Colony sizes are generally smaller than those found in more derived ant subfamilies.

Ecologically, ponerine ants are primarily predators or scavengers. They often hunt other arthropods, but some species may also consume seeds or honeydew. Their hunting strategies can be diverse, ranging from solitary foraging to cooperative group hunting. The larvae of ponerines are typically fed by regurgitated food from the workers. The sting is a prominent feature, used for subduing prey and defense. Ponerine ants have played a significant role in the evolution of ant sociality and behavior, offering insights into the diversification of this successful insect group.