policyutforming

Policyutforming is a term used in public administration to describe the process of formulating public policy, including problem framing, goal setting, option generation, and the design of instruments and implementation plans. It focuses on translating broad policy ambitions into concrete courses of action that can be adopted by government bodies.

The process typically involves several stages. Problem definition and agenda setting identify what needs attention and why it should be addressed. Policy options are developed and analyzed for feasibility, expected impact, costs and benefits, and distributional effects. Stakeholders, experts, and decision-makers participate to refine options and assess political feasibility. The final stage involves selecting a preferred course of action, planning implementation, and outlining monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

Key concepts in policyutforming include the use of evidence, impact assessment, and policy instruments ranging from regulation and subsidies to public–private partnerships. Tools such as cost-benefit analysis, risk assessment, stakeholder mapping, and scenario planning support decision-makers in comparing alternatives. Transparency, accountability, and public participation are often emphasized to improve legitimacy and legitimacy in the formulation process.

Differences from other policy activities lie in emphasis on design and preparation rather than just scholarly analysis or execution. The term is commonly used in Scandinavian public administration to describe how governments design and prepare policy proposals, including the interactions between agencies, legislators, interest groups, and the public. In practice, policyutforming aims to produce actionable, implementable policy options aligned with legal frameworks, resources, and political realities.