plastisoijat

Plastisoijat are additives used to increase the flexibility and workability of polymers, most notably polyvinyl chloride (PVC). They are usually liquids or low-melting solids that insert themselves between polymer chains, reducing intermolecular interactions and lowering the glass transition temperature. This enables products to be flexible, bendable, and softer at ambient temperatures, without altering the base polymer’s chemical composition.

Common plastisoijat classes include phthalates (the most widely used historically), adipates, citrates, and sebacates. Phthalates such as DEHP and DINP have been widely used in consumer products; due to health and environmental concerns, many jurisdictions have tightened restrictions and substituted with non-phthalate alternatives, especially for toys and food-contact materials. Adipates and citrates are often used where higher plasticity at lower temperatures or lower migration is desirable; newer non-phthalate plasticizers include citrate-based or other alternative chemistries.

Applications for plastisoijat are extensive in PVC products and related materials. They are common in cables and wires insulation, flooring and films, coatings, sealants, and as additives in elastomers, adhesives, and flexible packaging. They also play a key role in coatings and inks where flexibility and processability are important.

Processing and regulatory considerations accompany the use of plastisoijat. Migration of plasticizer from a material can occur under heat, friction, or solvent exposure, potentially causing odor, staining, or loss of flexibility over time. Long-term properties and recyclability can also be affected. Regulators in many regions restrict certain phthalates, particularly in toys and consumer goods, driving ongoing development and adoption of alternative plasticizers.