peranti

Peranti is a Malay term that denotes a device, instrument, appliance, or apparatus designed to perform a specific function. It is used across everyday life, engineering, and science to refer to tangible tools rather than software. The term is common in formal and technical Malay and is often paired with qualifiers to specify the domain, such as peranti elektrik (electrical device) or peranti rangkaian (network device).

In information technology and electronics, peranti typically refers to hardware components that can be connected to or integrated with systems. In contrast to perisian (software), peranti comprises physical equipment such as sensors, controllers, input/output devices, and computing modules. The phrase peranti keras, or hardware devices, is used to distinguish from software.

Common categories include peranti rumah tangga (household devices), peranti elektronik (electronic devices), peranti perubatan (medical devices), peranti makmal (lab instruments), and peranti industri (industrial equipment). Examples range from smartphones and laptops to thermometers, cameras, sensors, and actuators.

Across Malay-speaking regions, you may also encounter synonyms such as alat, perkakas, and peralatan, while Indonesian usage frequently prefers perangkat or peralatan. The term peranti remains widely understood in technical manuals, academic writing, and government documentation.