oleisch

Oleisch, also known as oleic acid, is a monounsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms. Its systematic name is cis-9-octadecenoic acid, often abbreviated as 18:1(n-9) or 18:1. The molecule contains a single cis double bond at the ninth carbon from the carboxyl end. The chemical formula is C18H34O2, and in its free form it is a liquid at room temperature.

Oleisch acid occurs widely in nature and is a major component of many fats and oils. It is the predominant monounsaturated fatty acid in olive oil, typically making up a large share of the fatty acids present. It is also found in canola oil, high-oleic varieties of sunflower and other seeds, peanut oil, and in animal fats as part of triglycerides. In metabolism, oleic acid is incorporated into cell membranes and used as an energy source.

In industry, oleic acid is used as a feedstock for the production of soaps, esters, lubricants, and cosmetic ingredients. It is a key component of edible fats and oils and can be hydrogenated to form saturated stearic acid. Through partial hydrogenation, trans fats can be produced, which has dietary implications.

Health considerations position oleic acid as a favorable monounsaturated fat when replacing saturated fats in the diet. Diets rich in oleic acid, such as those emphasizing olive oil, are associated with improvements in lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk factors in the context of overall dietary patterns. Oleic acid is generally regarded as safe in typical food applications.