neurokognitiva

Neurokognitiva is an interdisciplinary field that studies how brain activity underpins cognitive functions. It seeks to understand how neural circuits instantiate processes such as perception, attention, memory, language, executive function, and decision making, and how these processes give rise to behavior and experience.

Researchers in neurokognitiva combine techniques from neuroscience, psychology, and computer science. Typical methods include neuroimaging (fMRI, PET), electrophysiology (EEG, MEG), brain stimulation (TMS, tDCS), and computational modeling. The field emphasizes linking cognitive constructs to neural substrates and networks, such as the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and related systems involved in perception, memory, and control.

Applications include clinical assessment of cognitive impairment, rehabilitation after brain injury, educational tools to support learning, and the development of brain-computer interfaces. The topic also covers development across the lifespan and how aging or neurological disorders alter cognitive processing.

Terminology varies by language; in many contexts neurokognitiva corresponds to the term neurocognition, with usage in Spanish-speaking and some Scandinavian-language communities. The field continues to face challenges such as mapping high-level cognitive functions to distributed neural networks and translating findings into practical interventions.