necktie

A necktie is a long, narrow piece of fabric worn around the neck, usually under a collared shirt. It is tied in a knot at the throat and extends down the chest. The typical necktie measures about 140 to 150 centimeters in length and about 7 to 9 centimeters in width, though styles vary from slim to extra-wide. Modern ties are commonly made of silk, polyester, or blends, and may also be woven from cotton, wool, or microfibers. Most ties contain an interlining that gives stiffness and helps the knot to sit neatly.

The tie consists of the blade (the wide end) and the narrow end, with a small loop or keeper behind the neck to secure it. Ties are designed to be tied into a knot at the front and tucked into the shirt’s collar. Common materials and finishes, such as satin or matte weaves, affect drape and sheen. The ends are typically finished with a pointed tip.

Historically, the modern necktie evolved from the cravat worn in the 17th and 18th centuries. In the 19th century, variations such as the four-in-hand gained popularity in English-speaking countries. In the early 20th century, designers and manufacturers refined the cut and knot stability, and the modern long tie became standard; designers such as Jesse Langsdorf are often cited for innovations in blade cut, leading to the widely used modern tie.

Ties are most commonly worn with formal or business attire, paired with dress shirts and suits. Tying techniques include the four-in-hand, half-Windsor, and Windsor knots. Proper care includes dry-cleaning silk and avoiding excessive heat; store ties flat or rolled to prevent creases.