långQTsyndrom

Lång QT-syndrom (LQTS) is a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the heart's electrical activity. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG), which indicates a delay in the heart's electrical recharging phase after each beat. This prolongation can disrupt the normal heart rhythm and increase the risk of potentially life-threatening irregular heartbeats, known as arrhythmias.

There are several types of LQTS, most of which are inherited. These genetic mutations affect the ion channels responsible for regulating the flow of electrical charges in and out of heart cells. While some individuals with LQTS may have no symptoms, others can experience fainting (syncope), seizures, or even sudden cardiac death. These events are often triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, loud noises, or certain medications.

Diagnosis of LQTS typically involves an ECG, genetic testing, and a thorough medical history. Management strategies focus on preventing arrhythmias and reducing the risk of sudden cardiac events. This can include lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers, and the use of medications like beta-blockers. In some cases, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) may be recommended. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for individuals with LQTS to lead healthier lives.