lobbizás

Lobbizás, or lobbying, is the process by which individuals or groups seek to influence public decision-making by government bodies, lawmakers, regulators, or public officials. It aims to sway legislation, rules, budgets, or policy priorities by presenting information and expertise, often for a client, employer, or cause. While lobbizás is a legitimate form of political participation, it relies on persuasion and formal channels rather than gifts or coercion.

Typical actors include professional lobbyists, business associations, unions, think tanks, NGOs, and corporations. Activities include direct meetings with decision-makers, drafting policy briefs, submitting comments in consultations, organizing coalitions, and providing data or testimony.

Regulation varies by country. Many jurisdictions require transparency, such as lobbyist registers, disclosure of clients and payments, and reporting of meetings with officials. Ethical rules often cover conflicts of interest, gifts, and revolving-door restrictions. In the European Union, transparency registers exist for lobby activities interacting with EU institutions.

Debates about lobbizás balance its contribution to informed policy against risks of unequal access and policy capture. Proponents cite expertise and democratic participation; critics warn of disproportionate influence by moneyed interests.

Overall, lobbizás is a common, often regulated aspect of modern politics. Its legitimacy depends on transparency, accountability, and adherence to ethical norms.