linings

A lining is an inner layer placed inside another object to provide finish, comfort, or protection. Linings are common in clothing, footwear, bags, furniture, and architectural and industrial components.

In garments, the lining is a separate fabric sewn to the inside of a jacket, coat, dress, or similar item. Materials include silk, polyester, viscose, cotton, and blends. Functions include concealing construction seams, improving drape, adding warmth, aiding fit, and extending outer fabric durability by reducing wear.

In footwear and bags, linings contribute comfort, moisture management, and protection for the outer material. Common materials are leather, textile fabrics, and synthetic blends. Linings can be full or partial and may be quilted or padded for insulation or softness.

In upholstery and furniture, linings behind fabrics help create a smooth surface for trimming, provide a stable base for padding, and conceal underlying structures. They may also influence the overall feel and durability of the finished piece.

In architecture and engineering, linings describe interior surfaces of tunnels, tanks, pipes, or other structures. They act as corrosion barriers, moisture control layers, or aesthetic finishes. Common lining materials include plaster, tile, metal, and composite sheets, selected for compatibility with the substrate and service conditions.

Care and maintenance of linings depend on material and use. Removable linings can sometimes be washed, while non-removable linings may require spot cleaning or professional care. Damaged linings are often replaced to restore function and appearance.