lavastone

Lavastone is a term used to describe rock formed when lava erupts to the surface and cools rapidly. It often refers to extrusive igneous rocks such as basalt, as well as volcanic glass like obsidian. In some contexts, the name also covers various porous volcanic rocks that originate from quick cooling of lava, including vesicular varieties.

Formation and characteristics

Lavastone forms when molten rock erupts and loses heat quickly upon contact with the atmosphere or water. Rapid cooling yields a fine or glassy texture, while volatile gases trapped in the lava create vesicles or bubbles. The result is typically dark-colored rock with a dense or glassy appearance; hardness and fracture styles vary by composition, with obsidian being highly conchoidal and basalt generally more compact.

Uses and applications

Geology and construction industries use lavastone for decorative stone, paving, and architectural treatments in landscaping and interiors. Obsidian has historical significance for tool making due to its sharp fracture, while basaltic lavastone is common in roadbeds and building aggregates. In jewelry and aromatherapy, lava stone beads are valued for their light weight and porous surface, which can absorb and slowly diffuse essential oils.

Distribution and care

Lava stone occurs in volcanic regions worldwide, including areas with basaltic lava flows and volcanic glass formations. Care for lavastone products generally involves cleaning with mild soap and water, avoiding harsh chemicals that could affect porous varieties, and protecting polished surfaces from scratches.