laryngalgie

Laryngalgia, also known as laryngodynia, is pain located in the larynx (voice box). It may present as a sore throat or a localized ache in the throat area and is often accompanied by changes in voice, such as hoarseness. The condition can be acute or chronic and may worsen with speaking or swallowing.

Causes of laryngalgia are diverse. Infections such as acute laryngitis (viral or bacterial) commonly cause laryngeal pain. Noninfectious factors include reflux laryngitis, exposure to irritants (tobacco smoke, alcohol, pollutants), vocal overuse or misuse, and trauma from intubation or shouting. Allergies, dryness, and certain medications can contribute as well. Rarely, laryngalgia may result from tumors, neuropathic pain, or referred pain from the esophagus or cervical spine.

Symptoms and signs vary with the underlying cause. Patients may report throat pain, a burning sensation, or pain when swallowing, along with hoarseness, voice fatigue, coughing, or throat dryness. Red flags requiring urgent evaluation include fever with severe throat pain, difficulty breathing or swallowing, weight loss, persistent hoarseness, or a neck mass.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history and a physical examination, with visualization of the larynx using laryngoscopy or flexible nasolaryngoscopy. Additional tests may be ordered if infection is suspected, reflux is possible, or a structural lesion is a concern.

Treatment targets the underlying cause. Viral laryngitis is usually managed with analgesics, hydration, and voice rest. Bacterial infections, reflux, vocal misuse, or irritant exposure are treated accordingly, often including medications (antibiotics when indicated, proton pump inhibitors), voice therapy, lifestyle changes, and avoidance of irritants. Most cases resolve with appropriate care; chronic laryngalgia may require multidisciplinary management and ongoing monitoring.