kaksikierroksiset

kaksikierroksiset refers to a decision-making process, typically in politics, that involves two distinct voting rounds. The term is Finnish and translates literally to “two-round” or “double-round” elections. This electoral system is used when no candidate secures an absolute majority in the first round of voting, prompting a second round between the top candidates.

In the first round, all eligible candidates appear on the ballot. Voters choose their preferred candidate, and if one candidate receives more than 50 % of the vote, that candidate is declared the winner. If no one achieves this majority threshold, the second round is held. The second round usually features only the two candidates with the highest vote totals from the first round, although variations exist where a small shortlist of candidates may be included.

The purpose of kaksikierroksiset is to ensure that the elected individual commands broad support, rather than merely a plurality. By allowing voters to reassess their choices in the second round, the system can mitigate strategic voting and promote consensus. It is used in several countries for various offices, such as presidential, parliamentary, and local elections. In Finland, this system has historically been employed for municipal councils and the election of the Speaker of Parliament.

Comparative electoral systems include plurality voting, instant-runoff voting, and single transferable vote, each offering alternative methods for achieving majority-backed outcomes. The kaksikierroksiset approach balances simplicity with the democratic principle of majority rule, making it a prominent feature in many modern electoral frameworks.