jarrah

Jarrah refers to Eucalyptus marginata, a tall evergreen tree in the myrtle family native to the southwest of Western Australia. The species is a major source of timber in Australia. The common name is derived from the Noongar language of the region.

It occurs in the Jarrah Forest and adjacent areas between Perth and the Great Australian Bight, typically on well-drained soils, ranging from lowland flats to hills.

Jarrah can reach 30–40 meters in height and 1–2 meters in trunk diameter. It has rough, fibrous bark on the lower trunk and smooth bark higher up. Leaves are lance-shaped; white or creamy flowers appear in summer; the fruit is a woody capsule.

Jarrah timber is extremely dense and hard, with a dark reddish-brown heartwood and lighter sapwood. It is highly durable and naturally resistant to termites and decay, aided by its natural oils and tannins. The wood finishes well but is difficult to work due to density. It has been used for heavy structural work, flooring, decking, cabinetry, furniture, boatbuilding, and, historically, railway sleepers and mine timbers.

Jarrah forests support diverse flora and fauna and are subject to threats such as Phytophthora cinnamomi root disease (jarrah dieback), fire, and logging pressure. Sustainable management and restoration efforts are ongoing to protect remaining forests and genetic resources.