ischemica
Ischemica is a medical condition referring to the inadequate blood supply to tissues, resulting in a deficiency of oxygen and nutrients necessary for cellular metabolism. The term is derived from the Greek words ἶσχύς (isché) meaning "insufficient" and ὡμέρα (hōmerá) meaning "to flow," and is used interchangeably with ischemia in English-language literature. In clinical practice, ischemica commonly describes perfusion deficits in the heart, brain, limbs, and gastrointestinal tract.
The underlying mechanisms include arterial or venous obstruction by atherosclerotic plaque, thromboembolism, vasospasm, or external compression.
Diagnostic evaluation consists of imaging studies (CT, MRI, angiography) and functional assessments (electrocardiography, stress tests, Doppler
The prognosis of ischemica depends on severity, timeliness of intervention, and comorbid conditions. Prompt restoration of