interblocco

Interblocco is an Italian term literally meaning "interlock" or "interlocking." It denotes devices, systems or arrangements that prevent incompatible or unsafe operations by enforcing exclusive conditions or sequences. The word is formed from inter- (between) and blocco (block), and it appears in both technical and sociopolitical contexts.

In engineering and industrial practice, interblocco describes mechanical, electromechanical or electronic safety measures that block motion, power or control signals until prescribed conditions are met. Common examples include railway interlocking that prevents conflicting train movements, safety interlocks on machinery that stop equipment when guards are open, and control-system interlocks that enforce start-up or shutdown sequences. Historically these functions were achieved with mechanical lever frames and relays and have progressively moved to programmable electronic controllers and software-based safety layers.

In computing and automation, interlocks are implemented as hardware signals or software checks to avoid hazardous states; they are distinct from concepts such as deadlock, which refers to stalled resource contention. In non-technical usage, interblocco can refer to coordinated blockades or mutual obstruction among groups, such as political alliances that block actions.

The chief purpose of interblocco is to enhance safety, reliability and predictable behavior. Proper design, testing, maintenance and clear documentation are essential, since failures or workarounds of interlocks can create significant risk in safety-critical systems.