illwilledness
Illwilledness is a term used to describe the quality or state of having ill will toward others, typically understood as persistent hostility, malicious intent, or a readiness to cause harm. It denotes not merely disagreement or acrimony but a proactive negative orientation that influences thoughts, choices, and overt behavior.
The word combines ill will with the suffix -ness to indicate a stance or disposition. It is
Illwilledness is distinguished from generic rudeness or conflict by its emphasis on intentional hostility and on
Potential causes and correlates discussed in the literature include perceived threat or grievance, insecurity, narcissistic or
There is no formal diagnostic category for illwilledness; researchers typically discuss related constructs such as hostility,
See also: ill will, hostility, malevolence, antagonism, moral psychology.