hüperandrogenism

Hyperandrogenism is a medical condition characterized by excessive levels of androgens, often referred to as "male hormones," in the body. While androgens are present in both males and females, elevated levels can lead to a variety of symptoms and health issues. In women, this can manifest as irregular menstrual cycles, acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth in a male-like pattern), and male-pattern baldness. It can also contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder. In males, the symptoms can be less pronounced but may include early puberty or, in some cases, infertility.

The causes of hyperandrogenism are diverse and can include genetic predispositions, hormonal imbalances originating from the ovaries or adrenal glands, and certain medications. Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common cause in women of reproductive age. Other potential causes include congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing's syndrome, and androgen-secreting tumors, though these are rarer.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and blood tests to measure androgen levels. Further investigations may be needed to determine the underlying cause. Treatment strategies focus on managing symptoms and addressing the root cause. This can involve lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, medications to regulate hormone levels or counter the effects of androgens, and in some cases, surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for preventing long-term health complications associated with hyperandrogenism.