hydrocodonecontaining

Hydrocodone-containing medicines are prescription drugs that include the opioid analgesic hydrocodone. They are used to relieve moderate to severe pain and, in some formulations, to suppress cough. Hydrocodone is most often combined with other ingredients such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or antihistamines, creating fixed-dose products that can vary in potency and duration of effect.

Regulation of hydrocodone-containing products varies by country, but they are generally controlled substances due to their potential for misuse and dependence. In the United States, hydrocodone formulations were reclassified from Schedule III to Schedule II in 2014, increasing controls on prescribing, dispensing, and refills. Other countries set different schedules and limits.

Common hydrocodone-containing products include hydrocodone/acetaminophen combinations (for example, products historically marketed as Vicodin, Norco, or Lortab) used for pain relief; hydrocodone/ibuprofen (a combination used for pain); and hydrocodone formulations with cough suppressants, such as hydrocodone/homatropine or hydrocodone/chlorpheniramine. Some products pair hydrocodone with other active ingredients to tailor effects and duration.

Potential risks include drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, nausea, and impaired coordination. Serious risks include respiratory depression, overdose, and the development of tolerance or dependence with long-term use. Hydrocodone can interact with other central nervous system depressants, alcohol, and certain medications, increasing sedation and risk of harm. Some combinations include acetaminophen, raising the risk of liver injury with high or prolonged dosing.

Because of these risks, hydrocodone-containing medicines are typically prescribed for limited periods and monitored by a clinician. They should be stored securely, used exactly as directed, and disposed of safely when no longer needed.