Lortab

Lortab is a brand-name prescription analgesic that combines hydrocodone, a semi-synthetic opioid, with acetaminophen (paracetamol). It is used to relieve moderate to moderately severe pain when non-opioid therapies are not sufficient.

Typical Lortab formulations contain hydrocodone and acetaminophen in fixed ratios, most commonly hydrocodone 5 mg, 7.5 mg, or 10 mg paired with acetaminophen 500 mg per tablet. The exact strengths and available forms can vary by country and manufacturer. Because it contains acetaminophen, total daily intake from all sources must be limited to avoid liver injury.

Hydrocodone provides analgesia by binding to mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system, while acetaminophen adds additional pain relief through non-opioid mechanisms. The combination allows effective pain control with a lower dose of opioid than would be required with hydrocodone alone, but it also carries risks associated with opioid therapy, including dependence, tolerance, sedation, respiratory depression, and constipation.

Regulatory status in the United States places hydrocodone/acetaminophen products, including Lortab, in a controlled-substance category (Schedule II since the 2010s), reflecting their potential for misuse and addiction. Prescriptions are subject to stricter dispensing rules, and refills are generally limited.

Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Serious risks include slowed breathing, severe allergic reactions, and, with excessive acetaminophen intake, liver damage. Patients should avoid alcohol, monitor total daily acetaminophen intake, and use caution when driving or performing tasks requiring alertness. Careful physician supervision is advised for use during pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver disease, or concurrent use of other sedatives or opioid medications.