hiperinflációt

Hiperinflációt, known more commonly as hyperinflation, is an extremely rapid and out-of-control increase in prices in an economy. It is characterized by a dramatic acceleration in the rate of inflation, often reaching thousands or even millions of percent per month. This economic phenomenon erodes the purchasing power of a currency at an astonishing rate, making money virtually worthless.

The causes of hyperinflation are typically a combination of factors. A primary driver is usually the government printing excessive amounts of money to finance its spending, especially when it cannot raise sufficient revenue through taxation or borrowing. This massive increase in the money supply, without a corresponding increase in the production of goods and services, leads to a devaluation of the currency. Other contributing factors can include severe economic shocks, such as wars or natural disasters, loss of confidence in the government's economic management, and speculative attacks on the currency.

The consequences of hyperinflation are devastating for an economy and its citizens. Savings are wiped out, making it impossible for people to plan for the future. Businesses struggle to operate as costs fluctuate wildly and unpredictably. Bartering often replaces the use of money, leading to inefficiencies and a breakdown of normal economic activity. Governments typically need to take drastic measures to end hyperinflation, such as currency reform, fiscal austerity, and restoring confidence in the economy and its institutions. Historical examples include Germany in the 1920s, Zimbabwe in the late 2000s, and Hungary after World War II.