Bartering
Bartering is the direct exchange of goods or services between two or more parties without using money. In a barter transaction, participants trade items they value and who desire what the other offers, often relying on the double coincidence of wants.
Bartering predates monetary systems and has appeared in many civilizations. It remains common in informal markets,
Traditional barter requires a direct match of needs, which can be inefficient. To reduce friction, barter exchanges
Advantages include usefulness when currency is scarce, low-tech exchange in close-knit communities, and the ability to
Today, bartering occurs in corporate contexts (media, advertising, or services), online marketplaces, and community networks. Some