gerbiili

Gerbiili, or gerbils, are small social rodents in the subfamily Gerbillinae within the family Muridae. The most familiar species kept as pets is the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), native to arid regions of Mongolia and northern China. Other wild gerbil species occur across Africa and Asia. Gerbils are typically 8–12 cm long with a similar-length tail, have soft fur, and are well adapted to burrowing.

In the wild, gerbils form colonies and rely on networks of underground burrows. They are social and communicate through vocalizations, scent marking, and body language. They are active mainly during dawn and dusk, and they are skilled diggers, using their hind legs to move soil and construct complex tunnel systems.

Diet in natural habitats consists of seeds, grains, grasses, and occasional insects. In captivity, gerbils are usually fed a balanced commercial gerbil pellet, with small portions of seeds, vegetables, and hay. Fresh water should be available at all times. Regular sand or dust baths help maintain fur condition, and a cage with a solid base and appropriate hiding places supports natural behaviors.

Reproduction is relatively rapid. Gestation lasts about 24–26 days, with litter sizes typically ranging from 3 to 9, and weaning occurring around three weeks of age. Females reach sexual maturity at roughly two to three months. Responsible keeping often involves separating breeding pairs after a litter to prevent overbreeding.

Conservation status varies by species, but the common pet gerbil is widespread and not generally considered endangered. Habitat loss and local ecological pressures can affect wild populations of specific species, while domesticated populations remain common in captivity worldwide.