gay

Gay is a term used to describe a person who is romantically and sexually attracted to people of the same sex. In common usage, it most often refers to men who are attracted to men, but it can also describe homosexuality in a broader sense, including women who are attracted to women. Some people identify specifically as gay, others as lesbian (for women), and some use the term as an umbrella for homosexual identities. The word is also used in phrases like "gay rights" and "gay culture."

The word "gay" originated in English from the Old French gai, meaning cheerful or bright. In the early 20th century it came to be associated with homosexuality, beginning as slang within urban communities and activists in the mid-20th century. By the late 1960s and 1970s, "gay" had become a widely used self-identifier in many countries, and the gay rights movement helped popularize its use in public discourse. The term is generally considered neutral or positive in many contexts, though it can be used pejoratively depending on tone and intent.

Usage and social context vary by region and generation. In some places there are strong legal protections for gay people, including marriage equality and anti-discrimination laws, while elsewhere LGBTQ rights are limited or contested. When discussing sexual orientation in formal or educational contexts, terms such as "gay," "lesbian," or "queer" are used, with sensitivity to individual preference. Scientific and health organizations treat sexual orientation as a normal variation of human sexuality and discourage attempts at changing orientation.