fiskola
Fiskola is a term used in marine biology to describe the coordinated movement of fish within a group, typically referred to as a school of fish. The word highlights the emergent, collective behavior that arises from the interactions of many individuals, rather than from a central control. In practice, fiskola reflects how simple local rules can produce complex group dynamics.
The behavior of a fiskola hinges on alignment, cohesion, and separation. Individual fish tend to align their
Functions attributed to fiskola include predator avoidance through the dilution and confusion effects, improved foraging efficiency
Species and habitats exhibiting fiskola are widespread, with pelagic fishes such as sardines, anchovies, and herrings
See also: shoaling, schooling, collective behavior, lateral line system.