feathering

Feathering is a technique used to create a gradual transition between two adjacent areas or elements to reduce hard edges. The term is used across disciplines such as image editing, audio production, and visual effects, and generally refers to softening boundaries by introducing a gradual change in opacity, color, or volume.

In digital image editing and compositing, feathering targets the edge of a selection, mask, or layer. The edge is transformed into a gradient of transparency so the subject blends into the background or another layer. Feather distance or radius controls how wide the transition is; methods include applying a blur to the edge or building a gradient alpha channel.

In photography and film, feathering helps create seamless composites when combining images or applying matte paintings. It reduces visibility of seams where two images meet and can simulate natural falloff of light. Precise control over the degree and direction of feathering is important for matching lighting and perspective.

In audio editing, feathering describes a smooth fade between clips or sounds to avoid abrupt transitions. It is implemented as crossfades or envelope curves, adjusting the attack and release of the sound. Excessive feathering can soften timing cues and reduce perceived sharpness.

Other contexts use feathering to describe gradual transitions in vector graphics, printing, and geographic information systems, often involving alpha transparency or color blending at edges.