externallypowered

Externally powered refers to a device that obtains its operational energy from an external power source rather than from internal energy storage such as a rechargeable battery. In practice, the device is connected to an external supply—often a wall outlet via a power adapter or a dedicated power brick. Some systems may include a small internal battery for nonessential functions, but sustained operation relies on the external source.

Externally powered configurations are common in desktop and server equipment, monitors, printers, networking hardware, laboratory instruments, medical devices, and many consumer electronics that use an external brick rather than internal cells. Power delivery is typically through a fixed cable, though technologies such as Power over Ethernet allow power to be supplied along with data via a single link.

The primary advantages are unlimited runtime contingent on the external supply availability, higher sustained power delivery, and lighter devices since heavy energy storage is offloaded to the external source. External supplies can be certified and regulated separately, which can simplify device safety and compliance. It also facilitates heat management, as most power conversion heat is generated outside the device itself.

Disadvantages include dependence on an external connection, which introduces a potential single point of failure if the power source is unavailable or the cord is damaged. Cables add clutter and reduce portability, and there can be ongoing costs for replacing external adapters or ensuring compatibility with power sources in different regions.

Design and regulatory considerations often focus on the efficiency and safety of the external power supply, with standards governing emissions, insulation, and protection against electric shock. Some deployments also use alternative external power delivery methods, such as regional power adapters or Power over Ethernet.