explosiver

Explosiver is the plural term used in several Scandinavian languages for substances commonly known in English as explosives. In general, explosives are chemical compounds or mixtures designed to release a large amount of energy rapidly, producing a high-pressure wave and expanding gases that can do work in a mechanical system. They are employed where controlled blasts or rapid energy release are required.

Explosives are often categorized by initiation sensitivity and the rate of energy release. Primary explosives are highly sensitive to shock, heat, or friction and are typically used to initiate larger charges. Secondary explosives are less sensitive and serve as main charges. Within the broad class, high explosives detonate quickly, generating shock waves, while low explosives deflagrate more slowly. Subtypes include inorganic nitrates, organic nitro compounds, plastic explosives, and fuel-oxidizer mixtures.

Common examples include TNT (trinitrotoluene), nitroglycerin, dynamite (nitroglycerin stabilized in an absorbent), ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO), RDX, PETN, and plastic formulations such as C-4. These materials serve varied roles in mining, construction, demolition, military applications, and ceremonial or pyrotechnic contexts, each with specific handling requirements.

Safety and regulatory frameworks govern the production, storage, transport, and use of explosiver. They require secure storage, restricted access, and compliance with national and international transport and classification standards. Training, licensing, and emergency planning are typically mandated to minimize risk to people and the environment.

Historically, the modern era of explosives began in the 19th century, with advances such as Nobel’s development of dynamite, which combined nitroglycerin with an inert absorbent to improve stability and practicality.