eritematos

Eritematos, or eritematos, is a dermatological term used to describe erythema, the reddening of the skin resulting from increased blood flow in the superficial vessels of the dermis. The word derives from Greek erythros (red) and haima (blood). Erythema is a common, non-specific sign that can accompany many different conditions.

Clinical features of eritematos include red patches or lines on the skin, which may be flat (macules) or raised (papules). The redness is typically blanchable, meaning it fades when pressed, though some inflammatory processes can produce non-blanching changes. It may be accompanied by itching, burning, warmth, or swelling, depending on the underlying cause and location.

Causes and associations are broad. They include infectious exanthems (such as viral infections), allergic reactions and contact dermatitis, sunburn and heat exposure, irritant or friction-related irritation, drug reactions, and various inflammatory skin diseases (for example eczema or dermatitis) or vasodilation-related reactions. Erythema can be localized to a small area or diffuse, and it can participate in more complex syndromes such as erythroderma when widespread.

Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and history. The blanching property helps distinguish erythema from non-blanching lesions like purpura. In uncertain cases, additional tests may be used to identify infectious agents, allergic triggers, or systemic conditions.

Prognosis and management depend on the underlying cause. Treatment typically targets the root condition and may involve topical therapies, oral medications, sun protection, or avoidance of triggering substances. Eritematos is a descriptive term rather than a specific disease, and its implications vary with context. See also erythema, erythematous rash, and related dermatological terms.