earphone

An earphone is a small personal listening device that delivers sound directly to the ear. It consists of a miniature loudspeaker (driver) housed in a compact enclosure, with a nozzle or stem that is placed near or inside the ear canal. Earphones are designed for portability and typically connect to a playback source by cable or wirelessly. They are distinct from over‑ear or on‑ear headphones, which encase or sit on the ear.

There are several form factors typically grouped under earphones: earbuds that rest at the entrance of the ear and do not seal the canal; and in‑ear monitors (IEMs) that insert into the ear canal to some depth. Drivers can be dynamic, balanced armature, or newer technologies such as planar magnetic. Frequency response and impedance vary; consumer models often range from 16 to 64 ohms and 20 Hz to 20 kHz.

Modern earphones may include features such as detachable cables, interchangeable tips (silicone or foam), water resistance, built‑in microphones for calls, and wireless Bluetooth connectivity with or without active noise cancellation (ANC). Some models offer transparency modes or earbuds designed for sports with water resistance ratings and secure fit.

Use and care: earphones are designed for personal listening and are commonly used with portable media players, smartphones, or computers. Prolonged exposure at high volumes can cause hearing damage. Regular cleaning and tip replacement help maintain hygiene and sound quality.