drr

Disaster Risk Reduction, or DRR, is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing, and reducing disaster risks stemming from natural and human-made hazards. It seeks to lower existing risks and prevent the creation of new ones by addressing factors such as hazard intensity and frequency, exposure of people and assets, and vulnerability of communities, systems, and environments. Resilience and sustainable development are central aims, with risk expressed roughly as hazard multiplied by exposure and vulnerability.

DRR is guided by international frameworks. The Hyogo Framework for Action (2005–2015) established priorities for reducing disaster losses, followed by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030), which emphasizes understanding risk, strengthening governance, investing in DRR, and improving preparedness for effective response and recovery. Integration with climate change adaptation and sustainable development is a common objective.

Key strategies include risk assessment and hazard mapping; land-use planning, building codes, and resilient infrastructure; early warning systems and emergency preparedness; risk-informed development and social protection; and community-based risk reduction, public education, and capacity building. Effective DRR requires coordination among governments, local authorities, civil society, the private sector, scientists, and international organizations, along with data sharing and adequate funding.

DRR aims to reduce mortality, injuries, economic losses, and displacement while enhancing long-term resilience of communities and economies. It is often implemented through national DRR strategies, disaster management agencies, and local disaster risk reduction plans, with progress monitored by indicators and reporting under relevant frameworks.