domesticcat

The domestic cat, scientifically known as Felis catus, is a small carnivorous mammal kept as a companion by humans. It belongs to the family Felidae and is one of the most widespread and popular pets worldwide. The domestic cat is believed to have originated from the wildcat Felis silvestris, with domestication beginning in the Near East about 9,000 to 10,000 years ago. Over millennia selective breeding produced a wide variety of coat colors, patterns, and body types, while many cats retain behaviors and instincts from their wild ancestors.

Domestic cats are versatile in habitat and behavior. They are primarily solitary hunters but form loose social groups when food is abundant or there is shelter. They communicate with vocalizations such as meows, purrs, hisses, and chirps, as well as body language. They are known for agility, nocturnal activity patterns, and a strong predatory drive. Diet is obligate carnivory, requiring nutrients found in animal tissue.

In domestic settings, cats require regular veterinary care, including vaccinations, parasite control, and dental and weight management. Most cats are sexually mature at around five months; females generally have litters of two to five kittens after a gestation of about 63 days. Indoor living, enrichment, and routine health checks can extend lifespan, often into the teens.

Domesticated cats have a complex relationship with humans, serving as companions, working animals, and subjects of study in behavior and genetics.