discrétion

Discrétion, or discretion, is the quality of prudent restraint in speech and action and the ability to make careful, well-considered judgments. It encompasses tact, temperance, and the avoidance of unnecessary offense or harm. The term derives from Latin discretio, meaning discernment or separation, and is closely related to the English adjective discreet, meaning careful and unobtrusive. Discretion also denotes a degree of freedom to choose how to act or what to reveal, rather than following absolute rules.

Discretion operates in multiple domains. In everyday interaction, exercising discretion means selecting words and actions that protect others’ feelings and preserve trust. In professional contexts, individuals are often expected to use discretion when handling sensitive information, personnel matters, or confidential work products. Legally, discretion refers to the reserved power of officials or judges to decide within broad guidelines rather than applying rigid rules; it shapes rulings, administrative decisions, and diplomatic negotiations.

In privacy and data protection, discretion underpins prudent data handling, minimization, and the balancing of transparency with confidentiality. The opposite, indiscretion, denotes a breach of trust through unguarded or harmful disclosure. In French, discrétion carries similar meanings and is used to describe tact, reserve, and confidentiality as well. Overall, discretion is valued as a foundational trait in communication, governance, and privacy, enabling prudent choices without unnecessary exposure or harm.