diabeetestä

Diabeetestä is the Finnish term for diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It occurs either due to insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, a condition known as insulin resistance.

There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, often developing in childhood or adolescence. Type 2 diabetes, the most common form, typically occurs in adults and is associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic factors. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy and can increase the risk of complications for both mother and child.

Symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, increased thirst, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision. If unmanaged, it can lead to severe complications such as cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, kidney failure, and eye problems.

Diagnosis is primarily based on blood tests, including fasting blood sugar, oral glucose tolerance test, and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin). Management involves lifestyle modifications such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, weight control, and blood sugar monitoring. Medications, including insulin injections for type 1 and sometimes for type 2 diabetes, are also used to maintain blood glucose levels within target ranges.

Effective management of diabetes is crucial in preventing complications and maintaining quality of life. Ongoing research continues to improve understanding, prevention, and treatment options for this widespread condition.