deliriumhåndtering

Deliriumhåndtering refers to the systematic approach to identifying, assessing, and managing delirium in patients. Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance of consciousness characterized by inattention, disorganized thinking, and altered level of consciousness. It is a common complication in hospitalized patients, particularly the elderly and those with critical illnesses. Effective delirium management aims to reduce the incidence and duration of delirium, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes.

The core components of deliriumhåndtering include prevention, early detection, and treatment. Prevention strategies focus on addressing modifiable risk factors such as sensory impairments (vision and hearing), sleep deprivation, dehydration, immobility, and polypharmacy. Non-pharmacological interventions, often referred to as the "ABCDEF bundle" or similar protocols, are central to prevention and management. These include assessing and treating pain, attempting to mobilize the patient, addressing the underlying causes of delirium, and promoting adequate sleep and nutrition.

Early detection relies on regular screening using validated tools, such as the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), by healthcare professionals. Prompt identification allows for timely intervention and reduces the risk of prolonged or severe delirium. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause of the delirium, which may be infection, metabolic disturbances, hypoxia, medication side effects, or withdrawal. Pharmacological interventions are generally reserved for managing agitation or psychosis that poses a risk to the patient or others, and are used cautiously due to potential side effects. A multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and allied health professionals is crucial for optimal deliriumhåndtering.