civets

Civets are small to medium-sized mammal species in the family Viverridae, within the order Carnivora. The common name “civet” covers several species in multiple genera, including Civettictis (the African civet), Paradoxurus (the Asian palm civet), Viverricula, and Viverra. They are native to Africa and Asia and occupy a range of habitats from forest to tropical shrubland and, in some areas, cultivated land and urban fringes.

Physically, civets have elongated bodies, short legs, and long tails. They often possess a well-developed musk gland near the base of the tail used for scent-marking. Size varies by species, from small civets to larger forms.

Behavior and diet: Civets are mostly nocturnal and solitary, though some species may form small groups. They are omnivorous, feeding on fruit, insects, small vertebrates, and occasionally agricultural crops.

Reproduction: Civets breed seasonally in many species, with gestation typically around 60 to 70 days; litter sizes range from 1 to 6 offspring. Young are altricial and cared for by the mother.

Human interactions: Civet musk has been used historically in perfumery; today many products use synthetic substitutes. The Asian palm civet is associated with Kopi Luwak, a coffee produced from beans eaten and excreted by civets; this practice has raised welfare concerns.

Conservation: Habitat loss and hunting for fur, meat, and musk threaten several civet species. Because many civet species have wide ranges and vary in status, their conservation status ranges from Least Concern to Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.