chilopodák

Chilopodák, commonly known as centipedes, are elongated, many-legged arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda. They are part of the superclass Myriapoda, which also includes millipedes (Diplopoda). The name "chilopodák" is derived from the Greek words *cheilos* (lip) and *pous* (foot), referring to their venomous front legs adapted for grasping prey.

Centipedes exhibit a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment, typically ranging from 15 to 177 pairs, though most species have fewer. Their bodies are flattened dorsoventrally, allowing them to move swiftly through soil, leaf litter, or crevices. Unlike millipedes, which are primarily herbivorous, centipedes are carnivorous predators, feeding on insects, spiders, and other small arthropods. Some species can deliver painful bites, as their modified front legs inject venom to subdue prey.

Chilopodák are found worldwide, thriving in diverse habitats including forests, deserts, and aquatic environments. They play a role in controlling pest populations, contributing to ecosystem balance. Most species are nocturnal, emerging at night to hunt. Their size varies greatly, from tiny species measuring a few millimeters to larger ones reaching up to 30 centimeters in length.

Reproduction in centipedes involves internal fertilization, with females laying eggs in moist environments. Development is direct, meaning juveniles resemble miniature adults. Some species exhibit parental care, guarding their eggs until they hatch. Chilopodák are of ecological importance, serving as both predators and prey in food webs. While generally harmless to humans, their venomous bite can be medically significant for sensitive individuals.