Chilopoda

Chilopoda is a class of elongated, segmented arthropods commonly known as centipedes. They belong to the subclass Myriapoda within the phylum Arthropoda. Characterized by their flattened bodies and numerous legs, centipedes typically have one pair of legs per body segment, with the number ranging from 15 to over 177 depending on the species.

Centipedes are predominantly carnivorous, feeding on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates. They are known for their quick movements and venomous forcipules—modified legs that function as pincers and deliver venom to subdue prey. Most species are terrestrial, inhabiting leaf litter, soil, under stones, or rotting wood, and are found worldwide, especially in moist environments.

The size of chilopods varies widely; some small species measure only a few millimeters, while the giant centipedes of the Scolopendra genus can reach over 30 centimeters in length. Their body is divided into a head and numerous trunk segments, each bearing one pair of legs. The head features antennae, eyes, and forcipules used for sensory input and subduing prey.

Chilopoda exhibits a range of behaviors, including swift locomotion and burrowing. Their sensory adaptations and venomous capabilities make them effective predators within their ecological niches. They play an important role in controlling insect populations and contribute to soil aeration and nutrient cycling.

Fossil records date back to the Cambrian period, over 500 million years ago, indicating a long evolutionary history. The group includes over 3,000 described species, with new species continually being discovered and described by researchers.