Scolopendra

Scolopendra is a genus of large venomous centipedes in the family Scolopendridae, order Scolopendromorpha. Members of this genus are among the largest centipedes, with some species reaching about 30 cm in length. They have a flattened body with one pair of legs per body segment and a pair of forcipules just behind the head that inject venom. Coloration is variable, commonly yellow to reddish, sometimes with banding or markings.

Ecology and behavior: Scolopendra are active nocturnal predators. They feed on insects, arachnids, and occasionally small vertebrates; larger species may hunt lizards, mice, or other small animals. They detect prey with antennae and use their forcipules to deliver venom, which can cause intense pain and swelling in humans. While envenomation is rarely life-threatening, bites from larger species can be medically significant and may require medical attention.

Distribution and habitat: The genus occurs in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including the Americas, Africa, Europe, and Asia. They inhabit leaf litter, soil, under bark or logs, rocks, and other sheltered microhabitats, and can tolerate a range of moisture conditions depending on the species.

Reproduction and life cycle: Reproduction varies among species; some lay eggs, while others give birth to live young. In many cases, females guard eggs and provide care during early development. Juvenile centipedes resemble adults but are smaller and add legs with molts as they grow.